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TI-80
GRAPHING CALCULATOR
GUIDEBOOK
TI-GRAPH LINK, Calculator-Based Laboratory, CBL, CBL 2, Calculator-Based Ranger, CBR,
Constant Memory, Automatic Power Down, APD, and EOS are trademarks of Texas
Instruments Incorporated.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
© 1995–1997, 2001 by Texas Instruments Incorporated.
$TITLEPG.DOC TI-80, ENG, 135x205mm Bob Fedorisko Revised: 02/15/01 10:36 AM Printed: 02/15/01 1
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Important Texas Instruments makes no warranty, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, regarding any programs or book materials and makes such materials available solely on an “as-is” basis. In no event shall Texas Instruments be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these materials, and the sole and
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Table of Contents This manual describes how to use the TI.80 Graphing Calculator. Getting Started gives a quick overview of its features. The first chapter gives general instructions on operating the TI.80. Other chapters describe its interactive features. The applications in Chapter 11 show how to use these features together. Using this Guidebook Effectively.................... viii Glossary ......................................... xii Getting Started: TI-80 Keyboard ..........................
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Chapter 2: Getting Started: Lottery Chances.................... 2-2 Math, Angle, and Using the TI-80 Functions.......................... 2-3 Test Operations Keyboard Math Operations......................... 2-4 MATH MATH Operations........................... 2-7 MATH NUM (Number) Operations................... 2-10 MATH PRB (Probability) Operations................. 2-12 ANGLE Operations................................ 2-14 TEST (Relational) Operations....................... 2-16 Chapter 3: Gettin
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Chapter 6: Getting Started: Roots of a Function................. 6-2 Tables Defining the Independent Variable .................. 6-3 Defining the Dependent Variable.................... 6-4 Displaying the Table............................... 6-5 Chapter 7: Getting Started: Shading a Graph.................... 7-2 Draw Operations DRAW DRAW Menu............................... 7-3 Drawing Lines .................................... 7-4 Drawing Horizontal and Vertical Lines............... 7-5 Drawing a
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Chapter 10: Getting Started: Rolling a Die....................... 10-2 Programming About TI-80 Programs ............................. 10-4 Creating and Executing Programs................... 10-5 Editing Programs ................................. 10-6 PRGM CTL (Control) Instructions................... 10-7 PRGM I/O (Input/Output) Instructions ............... 10-11 Calling Other Programs............................ 10-14 Chapter 11: Probability Experiments: Coins, Dice, and Spinners ... 11-2 Appli
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Appendix A: Table of TI-80 Functions and Instructions............ A-2 Tables and Menu Map........................................ A-20 Reference TI-80 Variables ................................... A-26 Information Appendix B: Battery Information ............................... B-2 Service and Accuracy Information ............................. B-8 Warranty In Case of Difficulty ............................... B-10 Information Service and Support Information ................... B-14 Warranty Infor
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Using this Guidebook Effectively The structure of the TI-80 guidebook and the design of its pages can help you find the information you need quickly. Consistent presentation techniques are used throughout to make the guidebook easy to use. Structure of the The guidebook is designed to teach you how to use the Guidebook calculator. ¦ Getting Started is a fast-paced, keystroke-by-keystroke introduction. ¦ Chapter 1 describes general operation and lays the foundation for Chapters 2 through 10, whic
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¦ Specific text—The text to the right of a subheading presents detailed information about that specific topic or task. The information may be presented as paragraphs, numbered procedures, bulleted lists, or illustrations. ¦ Page “footers”—The bottom of each page shows the chapter name, chapter number, and page number. Information- Several conventions are used to present information concisely Mapping and in an easily referenced format. Conventions ¦ Numbered procedures—A procedure is a sequence o
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Reference Aids Several techniques have been used to help you look up specific information when you need it. These include: ¦ A chapter table of contents on the first page of each chapter, as well as the full table of contents at the front of the guidebook. ¦ A glossary at the end of this section, defining important terms used throughout the guidebook. ¦ An alphabetical table of functions and instructions in Appendix A, showing their correct formats, how to access them, and page references for mo
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Glossary This glossary provides definitions for important terms that are used throughout this guidebook. Argument An argument is an input upon which the value of a function depends. Command A command is any entry submitted to the calculator using ¸. There are two types of TI-80 commands: instructions and expressions. Expression An expression is a complete sequence of numbers, variables, functions, and their arguments that can be evaluated to a single answer. An expression returns the evaluated
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Pixel A pixel (picture element) is a square dot on the TI-80 display. The TI-80 display is 64 pixels wide and 48 pixels high. Real Number On the TI-80, real numbers are individual decimal or fraction values. Value A value is a single decimal or fraction number or a list of decimals or fractions. Variable A variable is the name given to a location in memory in which a value, an expression, a list, or another named item is stored. xii Introduction
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Getting Started: Do This First! Getting Started contains two keystroke-by-keystroke examples an interest rate problem and a volume problem which introduce you to some principal operating and graphing features of the TI.80. You will learn to use the TI.80 more quickly by completing both of these examples first. Contents TI-80 Keyboard ................................... 2 First Steps ....................................... 3 TI-80 Menus...................................... 4 Entering a Calcula
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TI-80 Keyboard The keys on the TI.80 are grouped by color and physical layout to allow easy location of the key you need. The keys are divided into zones: graphing keys, editing keys, advanced function keys, and scientific calculator keys. The Zones of the Keyboard Graphing & Editing & Advanced & Functions Scientific & Calculator These keys are most frequently used to access the interactive Graphing Keys graphing features of the TI-80. Editing Keys These keys are most frequently used for editing
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First Steps Before beginning the two sample problems, follow the steps on this page to reset the TI-80 to its factory settings. (Resetting the TI-80 erases all previously entered data.) This ensures that following the keystrokes in this section produces the same actions. x 1. Press ´ to turn the calculator on. If the screen is very dark or blank, adjust the display E contrast. Press and release 2, and then press and hold 8 (to make the display lighter) or press and hold 7 (to make the display da
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TI-80 Menus To leave the keyboard uncluttered, the TI.80 uses full-screen menus to display many additional operations. The use of specific menus is described in the appropriate chapters. Displaying a Menu When you press a key that displays a menu, such as I, that menu screen temporarily replaces the screen where you are working. After you make a selection from a menu, you usually are returned to the screen where you were. Moving from One Menu to Another A menu key may display more than one menu
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Entering a Calculation: Compound Interest The TI.80 displays up to 8 16-characters lines so that you see an expression and its solution together. You can store values to variables, enter multiple instructions on one line, and recall previous entries. Using trial and error, determine when an amount invested at 6% annual compounded interest will double in value. 1. For the first guess, compute the amount available at the end of 10 years. Enter the expression just as you would write it. (Use 1000 f
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Continuing a Calculation To save keystrokes, you can use the Last Entry feature to recall the last expression entered and then edit it for a new calculation. In addition, the next expression can be continued from the previous result. 1. The next guess should be less than, but close to, 12 years. Compute the amount available at the end of 11.9 years, using the Last Entry feature. Press 2, followed by ² (the second function of ¸). The last calculated expression is shown on the next line of the dis
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Defining a Function: Box with Lid Take an 8½"×11" sheet of paper and cut X by X squares from two corners and X by (X+B) rectangles from the other two corners. Now fold the paper into a box with lid. What X would give the maximum volume V of a box made in this way? Use tables and graphs to determine the solution. Begin by defining a function that describes the X volume of the box. W A From the diagram: 2X + A = W 2X + 2B = L V = A B X X BX B Substituting: V = (W – 2X) (L à 2 – X) X L If necessa
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Defining a Table of Values The table feature of the TI.80 provides numeric information about a function. Use a table of values from the previously defined function to estimate an answer to the problem. 1. Press y # (above p) to display the TABLE SETUP screen. 2. Press Í to accept TBLMIN=0. 3. Press .5 Í to define the table increment @TBL=.5. 4. Press y & (above s) to display the table. Note that the maximum value is around 1.5, between 1 and 2. 5. Press and hold to scroll the table until the s
