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Technical Reference Guide
HP Compaq dc7900 Series
Business Desktop Computers
Document Part Number: 506665-001
September 2008
This document provides information on the design, architecture, function,
and capabilities of the HP Compaq dc7900 Series Business Desktop
Computers. This information may be used by engineers, technicians,
administrators, or anyone needing detailed information on the products
covered.
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© Copyright 2008 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Intel, Intel Core 2 Duo, Intel Core 2 Quad, Pentium Dual-Core, Intel Inside, and Celeron are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Adobe, Acrobat, and Acrobat Reader are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems In
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Contents 1Introduction 1.1 About this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.1.1 Online Viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.1.2 Hardcopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.2 Additional Information Sources . . . . . . .
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Contents 3 Processor/Memory Subsystem 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–1 3.2 Intel Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–2 3.2.1 Intel Processor Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–2 3.2.2 Processor Changing/Up
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Contents 5.6.2 Pointing Device Interface Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–10 5.6.3 Keyboard/Pointing Device Interface Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–10 5.7 Universal Serial Bus Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–11 5.7.1 USB Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8SYSTEM BIOS 8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–1 8.2 ROM Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–2 8.2.1 Upgrading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–2 8.2.2 Changeable Splash Screen . . .
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1 Introduction 1.1 About this Guide This guide provides technical information about HP Compaq dc7900 Business PC personal computers that feature Intel processors and the Intel Q45 Express chipset. This document describes in detail the system's design and operation for programmers, engineers, technicians, and system administrators, as well as end-users wanting detailed information. The chapters of this guide primarily describe the hardware and firmware elements and primarily deal with the sy
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Introduction 1.3 Serial Number The serial number is located on a sticker placed on the exterior cabinet. The serial number is also written into firmware and may be read with HP Diagnostics or Insight Manager utilities. 1.4 Notational Conventions The notational guidelines used in this guide are described in the following subsections. 1.4.1 Special Notices The usage of warnings, cautions, and notes is described as follows: WARNING: Text set off in this manner indicates that failure to follow dir
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Introduction 1.5 Common Acronyms and Abbreviations Table 1-1 lists the acronyms and abbreviations used in this guide. Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description Aampere AC alternating current ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface A/D analog-to-digital ADC Analog-to-digital converter ADD or ADD2 Advanced digital display (card) AGP Accelerated graphics port AHCI SATA Advanced Host controller Interface AMT Active Management Technology API application programm
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Introduction Table 1-1 (Continued) Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description CDS compact disk system CGA color graphics adapter Ch Channel, chapter cm centimeter CMC cache/memory controller CMOS complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (configuration memory) Cntlr controller Cntrl control codec 1. coder/decoder 2. compressor/decompressor CPQ Compaq CPU central processing unit CRIMM Continuity (blank) RIMM CRT cathode ray tube CSM 1. Compaq system management 2. Compaq server m
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Introduction Table 1-1 (Continued) Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description EISA extended ISA EPP enhanced parallel port EIDE enhanced IDE ESCD Extended System Configuration Data (format) EV Environmental Variable (data) ExCA Exchangeable Card Architecture FIFO first in/first out FL flag (register) FM frequency modulation FPM fast page mode (RAM type) FPU Floating point unit (numeric or math coprocessor) FPS Frames per second ft Foot/feet GB gigabyte GMCH Graphics/memory co
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Introduction Table 1-1 (Continued) Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description IrDA Infrared Data Association IRQ interrupt request ISA industry standard architecture Kb/KB kilobits/kilobytes (x 1024 bits/x 1024 bytes) Kb/s kilobits per second kg kilogram KHz kilohertz kV kilovolt lb pound LAN local area network LCD liquid crystal display LED light-emitting diode LPC Low pin count LSI large scale integration LSb/LSB least significant bit/least significant byte LUN logical uni
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Introduction Table 1-1 (Continued) Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description ODD optical disk drive OS operating system PAL 1. programmable array logic 2. phase alternating line PATA Parallel ATA PC Personal computer PCA Printed circuit assembly PCI peripheral component interconnect PCI-E PCI Express PCM pulse code modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PEG PCI express graphics PFC Power factor correction PIN personal identification number
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Introduction Table 1-1 (Continued) Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description SDVO Serial digital video output SEC Single Edge-Connector SECAM sequential colour avec memoire (sequential color with memory) SF sign flag SGRAM Synchronous Graphics RAM SIMD Single instruction multiple data SIMM single in-line memory module SMART Self Monitor Analysis Report Technology SMI system management interrupt SMM system management mode SMRAM system management RAM SPD serial presence detect
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Introduction Table 1-1 (Continued) Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description URL Uniform resource locator us/µs microsecond USB Universal Serial Bus UTP unshielded twisted pair Vvolt VAC Volts alternating current VDC Volts direct current VESA Video Electronic Standards Association VGA video graphics adapter VLSI very large scale integration VRAM Video RAM Wwatt WOL Wake-On-LAN WRAM Windows RAM ZF zero flag ZIF zero insertion force (socket) Technical Reference Guide www.hp.co
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Introduction 1-10 www.hp.com Technical Reference Guide
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2 System Overview 2.1 Introduction The HP Compaq dc7900 Business PC personal computers (Figure 2-1) deliver an outstanding combination of manageability, serviceability, and compatibility for enterprise environments. Based on the Intel processor with the Intel Q45 Express chipset, these systems emphasize performance along with industry compatibility. These models feature a similar architecture incorporating both PCI 2.3 and PCIe 1.1 buses. All models are easily upgradeable and expandable to
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System Overview 2.2 Features The following standard features are included on all models unless otherwise indicated: ■ Intel processor in LGA775 (Socket T) package ■ Integrated graphics controller with dual monitor support: ❏ One VGA connector ❏ One DisplayPort (DP) connector with Multimode support ■ PC2-6400 and PC2-5300 (DDR2) DIMM support ■ Hard drive fault prediction ■ Eight USB 2.0-compliant ports ■ High definition (HD) audio processor with one headphone output, at least one microphone in
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System Overview Table 2-1 shows the differences in features between the different PC series based on form factor: Table 2-1 Feature Difference Matrix by Form Factor USDT SFF CMT Processor types supported Intel Celeron, Intel Celeron, Intel Celeron, Pentium dual-core, Pentium dual-core, Pentium dual-core, Core 2 Duo Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad Core 2 Quad Processor wattage (max) 65 W 95 W 95 W Memory: # & type of sockets 2 SODIMM 4 DIMM 4 DIMM Maximum memory 8 GB 16 GB 16 GB Serial ports
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System Overview 2.3 System Architecture The systems covered in this guide feature an architecture based on the Intel Q45 Express chipset (Figure 2-2). All systems covered in this guide include the following key components: ■ Intel Pentium Dual-Core, Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad, or Celeron processor. ■ Intel Q45 Express chipset - Includes Q45 GMCH and 82801 ICH10-DO ■ Super I/O (SIO) controller supporting PS/2 keyboard and mouse peripherals ■ AD1884A audio controller supporting line in, line out, mi
