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Catalyst 2940 Switch
Software Configuration Guide
Cisco IOS Release 12.1(19)EA1
October 2003
Corporate Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
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Tel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387)
Fax: 408 526-4100
Customer Order Number: DOC-7815507=
Text Part Number: 78-15507-02
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THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS. THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE
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CONTENTS Preface xix Audience xix Purpose xix Conventions xx Related Publications xxi Obtaining Documentation xxi Cisco.com xxi Documentation CD-ROM xxii Ordering Documentation xxii Documentation Feedback xxii Obtaining Technical Assistance xxii Cisco TAC Website xxiii Opening a TAC Case xxiii TAC Case Priority Definitions xxiii Obtaining Additional Publications and Information xxiv CHAPTER 1 Overview 1-1 Features 1-1 Management Options 1-5 Management Options 1-5 Management Interface Options
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Contents Abbreviating Commands 2-4 Using no and default Forms of Commands 2-4 Understanding CLI Messages 2-5 Using Command History 2-5 Changing the Command History Buffer Size 2-5 Recalling Commands 2-6 Disabling the Command History Feature 2-6 Using Editing Features 2-6 Enabling and Disabling Editing Features 2-6 Editing Commands through Keystrokes 2-7 Editing Command Lines that Wrap 2-8 Searching and Filtering Output of show and more Commands 2-9 Accessing the CLI 2-9 Accessing the CLI from
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Contents Displaying CMS 3-10 Launching CMS 3-10 Front Panel View 3-12 Topology View 3-14 CMS Icons 3-15 Where to Go Next 3-15 CHAPTER 4 Assigning the Switch IP Address and Default Gateway 4-1 Understanding the Boot Process 4-1 Assigning Switch Information 4-2 Default Switch Information 4-2 Understanding DHCP-Based Autoconfiguration 4-3 DHCP Client Request Process 4-3 Configuring the DHCP Server 4-4 Configuring the TFTP Server 4-5 Configuring the DNS 4-6 Configuring the Relay Device 4-6 Obtain
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Contents IP Addresses 5-12 Host Names 5-12 Passwords 5-12 SNMP Community Strings 5-13 TACACS+ and RADIUS 5-13 Access Modes in CMS 5-13 Management VLAN 5-14 LRE Profiles 5-15 Availability of Switch-Specific Features in Switch Clusters 5-15 Creating a Switch Cluster 5-15 Enabling a Command Switch 5-15 Adding Member Switches 5-16 Creating a Cluster Standby Group 5-19 Verifying a Switch Cluster 5-20 Using the CLI to Manage Switch Clusters 5-21 Catalyst 1900 and Catalyst 2820 CLI Considerations 5-
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Contents Understanding DNS 6-16 Default DNS Configuration 6-17 Setting Up DNS 6-17 Displaying the DNS Configuration 6-18 Creating a Banner 6-18 Default Banner Configuration 6-18 Configuring a Message-of-the-Day Login Banner 6-19 Configuring a Login Banner 6-20 Managing the MAC Address Table 6-20 Building the Address Table 6-21 MAC Addresses and VLANs 6-21 Default MAC Address Table Configuration 6-22 Changing the Address Aging Time 6-22 Removing Dynamic Address Entries 6-23 Configuring MAC Add
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Contents Configuring TACACS+ Authorization for Privileged EXEC Access and Network Services 7-15 Starting TACACS+ Accounting 7-16 Displaying the TACACS+ Configuration 7-16 Controlling Switch Access with RADIUS 7-16 Understanding RADIUS 7-17 RADIUS Operation 7-18 Configuring RADIUS 7-19 Default RADIUS Configuration 7-19 Identifying the RADIUS Server Host 7-19 Configuring RADIUS Login Authentication 7-22 Defining AAA Server Groups 7-24 Configuring RADIUS Authorization for User Privileged Access
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Contents Configuring the Host Mode 8-14 Resetting the 802.1X Configuration to the Default Values 8-15 Displaying 802.1X Statistics and Status 8-16 CHAPTER 9 Configuring the Switch Interfaces 9-1 Understanding Interface Types 9-1 Access Ports 9-2 Trunk Ports 9-2 Port-Based VLANs 9-3 EtherChannel Port Groups 9-3 Connecting Interfaces 9-3 Using the Interface Command 9-4 Procedures for Configuring Interfaces 9-5 Configuring a Range of Interfaces 9-6 Configuring and Using Interface-Range Macros 9-
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Contents CHAPTER 11 Configuring STP 11-1 Understanding Spanning-Tree Features 11-1 STP Overview 11-2 Spanning-Tree Topology and BPDUs 11-2 Bridge ID, Switch Priority, and Extended System ID 11-3 Spanning-Tree Interface States 11-4 Blocking State 11-5 Listening State 11-6 Learning State 11-6 Forwarding State 11-6 Disabled State 11-6 How a Switch or Port Becomes the Root Switch or Root Port 11-7 Spanning Tree and Redundant Connectivity 11-7 Spanning-Tree Address Management 11-8 Accelerated Agin
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Contents Understanding UplinkFast 12-3 Understanding BackboneFast 12-5 Understanding EtherChannel Guard 12-7 Understanding Root Guard 12-8 Understanding Loop Guard 12-9 Configuring Optional Spanning-Tree Features 12-9 Default Optional Spanning-Tree Configuration 12-9 Optional Spanning-Tree Configuration Guidelines 12-10 Enabling Port Fast (Optional) 12-10 Enabling BPDU Guard (Optional) 12-11 Enabling BPDU Filtering (Optional) 12-11 Enabling UplinkFast for Use with Redundant Links (Optional) 1
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Contents Interaction with Other Features 13-14 Configuring a Trunk Port 13-14 Defining the Allowed VLANs on a Trunk 13-16 Changing the Pruning-Eligible List 13-17 Configuring the Native VLAN for Untagged Traffic 13-17 Load Sharing Using STP 13-18 Load Sharing Using STP Port Priorities 13-18 Load Sharing Using STP Path Cost 13-20 Configuring VMPS 13-21 Understanding VMPS 13-22 Dynamic Port VLAN Membership 13-22 VMPS Database Configuration File 13-23 Default VMPS Configuration 13-24 VMPS Config
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Contents VTP Version 14-8 Configuration Requirements 14-9 Configuring a VTP Server 14-9 Configuring a VTP Client 14-10 Disabling VTP (VTP Transparent Mode) 14-11 Enabling VTP Version 2 14-12 Enabling VTP Pruning 14-13 Adding a VTP Client Switch to a VTP Domain 14-13 Monitoring VTP 14-15 CHAPTER 15 Configuring Voice VLAN 15-1 Understanding Voice VLAN 15-1 Configuring Voice VLAN 15-2 Default Voice VLAN Configuration 15-2 Voice VLAN Configuration Guidelines 15-3 Configuring a Port to Connect to
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Contents Configuring the Aging Time 16-12 Displaying IGMP Snooping Information 16-12 Understanding Multicast VLAN Registration 16-14 Using MVR in a Multicast Television Application 16-14 Configuring MVR 16-16 Default MVR Configuration 16-16 MVR Configuration Guidelines and Limitations 16-17 Configuring MVR Global Parameters 16-17 Configuring MVR Interfaces 16-18 Displaying MVR Information 16-20 Configuring IGMP Filtering and Throttling 16-21 Default IGMP Filtering and Throttling Configuration
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Contents Methods to Detect Unidirectional Links 18-2 Configuring UDLD 18-4 Default UDLD Configuration 18-4 Configuration Guidelines 18-4 Enabling UDLD Globally 18-5 Enabling UDLD on an Interface 18-5 Resetting an Interface Shut Down by UDLD 18-6 Displaying UDLD Status 18-7 CHAPTER 19 Configuring CDP 19-1 Understanding CDP 19-1 Configuring CDP 19-2 Default CDP Configuration 19-2 Configuring the CDP Characteristics 19-2 Disabling and Enabling CDP 19-3 Disabling and Enabling CDP on an Interface
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Contents CHAPTER 21 Configuring RMON 21-1 Understanding RMON 21-1 Configuring RMON 21-2 Default RMON Configuration 21-3 Configuring RMON Alarms and Events 21-3 Configuring RMON Collection on an Interface 21-5 Displaying RMON Status 21-6 CHAPTER 22 Configuring System Message Logging 22-1 Understanding System Message Logging 22-1 Configuring System Message Logging 22-2 System Log Message Format 22-2 Default System Message Logging Configuration 22-3 Disabling and Enabling Message Logging 22-4 Se
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Contents Configuring SNMP Groups and Users 23-8 Configuring SNMP Notifications 23-10 Setting the Agent Contact and Location Information 23-13 Limiting TFTP Servers Used Through SNMP 23-13 SNMP Examples 23-14 Displaying SNMP Status 23-15 CHAPTER 24 Configuring QoS 24-1 Understanding QoS 24-1 Queueing and Scheduling 24-2 How Class of Service Works 24-2 Port Priority 24-2 Egress CoS Queues 24-3 Configuring QoS 24-3 Default QoS Configuration 24-3 Configuring Classification Using Port Trust States
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Contents Configuring the LACP Port Priority 25-12 Configuring Hot Standby Ports 25-13 Configuring the LACP System Priority 25-13 Displaying EtherChannel, PAgP, and LACP Status 25-14 CHAPTER 26 Troubleshooting 26-1 Using Recovery Procedures 26-1 Recovering from Corrupted Software 26-2 Recovering from a Lost or Forgotten Password 26-2 Recovering from a Command Switch Failure 26-4 Replacing a Failed Command Switch with a Cluster Member 26-5 Replacing a Failed Command Switch with Another Switch 2
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Preface Audience The Catalyst 2940 Switch Software Configuration Guide is for the network manager responsible for configuring the Catalyst 2940 switch, hereafter referred to as the switch. Before using this guide, you should be familiar with the concepts and terminology of Ethernet and local area networking. Purpose This guide provides information about configuring and troubleshooting a switch or switch clusters. It includes descriptions of the management interface options and the features
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Preface Conventions Note This guide does not repeat the concepts and CLI procedures provided in the standard Cisco IOS Release 12.1 documentation. For information about the standard Cisco IOS Release 12.1 commands, refer to the IOS documentation set available from the Cisco.com home page at Service and Support > Technical Documents. On the Cisco Product Documentation home page, select Release 12.1 from the Cisco IOS Software drop-down list. Conventions This guide uses these conventions to
