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SEBU6251-06
April 1999
Operation and
Maintenance
Manual
Caterpillar Commercial Diesel Engine
Fluids Recommendations
For All Commercial Diesel Engines Except 3600 Series Engines
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i01097883 Important Safety Information Most accidents that involve product operation, maintenance and repair are caused by failure to observe basic safety rules or precautions. An accident can often be avoided by recognizing potentially hazardous situations before an accident occurs. A person must be alert to potential hazards. This person should also have the necessary training, skills and tools to perform these functions properly. Improper operation, lubrication, maintenance or repair of this
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3 Table of Contents Table of Contents Foreword ............................................................... 4 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications ........................................ 5 Fuel Specifications ................................................ 17 Cooling System Specifications ............................. 24 Reference Information Section Reference Materials .............................................. 37 Index Section Index ............................................
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4 Foreword Foreword Literature Information This manual should be stored in the literature storage area. The information contained in this document is the most current information available for coolants, fuels, and lubricants. Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for any special lubrication requirements for your engine. Whenever a question arises regarding the engine, this publication, or the Operation and Maintenance Manual, please consult any Caterpillar dealer for the latest available
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5 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Table 1 Maintenance Section API Classifications Current Obsolete Lubricant Specifications CF-4, CG-4, CH-4 CE CF CC, CD i01111306 (1) (1) CF-2 CD-2 Lubricant Information (1) CD-2 and API CF-2 are classifications for two-cycle diesel engines. Caterpillar does not sell engines that utilize CD-2 and API CF-2 oils. SMCS Code: 1000; 1300; 7581 Note: API CF is not the same classification as General Information API CF-4. API CF oils are only recommended fo
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6 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Caterpillar Diesel Engine Oil (15W40) EMA LRG-1 – The Engine Manufacturers Association (EMA) has developed lubricant Caterpillar multigrade Diesel Engine Oil is recommendations as an alternative to the API oil formulated with the correct amounts of detergents, classification system. LRG-1 is a Recommended dispersants, and alkalinity in order to provide Guideline that defines a level of oil performance superior performance in Caterpillar Diesel Eng
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7 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Three new engine tests were developed for the Some commercial oils that meet the API API CH-4 oil. The first test specifically evaluates classifications may require reduced oil change deposits on pistons for engines with the two-piece intervals. To determine the oil change interval, steel piston. This test (piston deposit) also measures closely monitor the condition of the oil and perform a the control of oil consumption. A second test is wear metal
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8 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications i01111341 NOTICE Engine Oil (3116 and 3126 Operating Direct Injected (DI) diesel engines with fuel sulfur levels over 1.0 percent may require shortened Marine Engines) oil change intervals in order to help maintain adequate wear protection. SMCS Code: 1348 Recommendations Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engines Caterpillar does not recommend the use of multigrade oils in the 3116 and 3126 Marine Diesel The proper
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9 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Total Base Number (TBN) and Fuel Commercial Oils (3116 and 3126 Sulfur Levels for Direct Injection Marine Engines) (DI) Diesel Engines (3116 and 3126 The performance of commercial diesel engine Marine Engines) oil is based on American Petroleum Institute (API) classifications. These API classifications are The Total Base Number (TBN) for an oil depends developed in order to provide commercial lubricants on the fuel sulfur level. For direct injection
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10 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Lubricant Viscosity Caterpillar multigrade Diesel Engine Oil is available in two viscosity grades (10W30 and 15W40). For Recommendations (3116 and precombustion chamber engines, see Table 4 in 3126 Marine Engines) order to choose the correct viscosity grade for the ambient temperature. Multigrade oils provide the The proper SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined correct viscosity for a broad range of operating by the minimum ambient temperature d
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11 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications EMA LRG-1 – The Engine Manufacturers Three new engine tests were developed for the Association (EMA) has developed lubricant API CH-4 oil. The first test specifically evaluates recommendations as an alternative to the API oil deposits on pistons for engines with the two-piece classification system. LRG-1 is a Recommended steel piston. This test (piston deposit) also measures Guideline that defines a level of oil performance the control of oil consu
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12 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations NOTICE for Precombustion Chamber (PC) Diesel Failure to follow these oil recommendations can cause Engines shortened engine service life due to deposits and/or excessive wear. The proper SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined by the minimum ambient temperature during cold engine start-up, and the maximum ambient Total Base Number (TBN) and Fuel temperature during engine operation. Sulfur Levels for Precombustio
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13 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications For maximum transmission service life and performance, Caterpillar recommends Caterpillar Transmission/Drive Train Oil (TDTO). Table 5 Caterpillar TDTO Lubricant Viscosities For Operating Temperatures Cooling of Minimum Maximum Oil Viscosities Transmission Temperature Temperature SAE 30 −15 C(5 F) 80 C (176 F) Raw/Seawater SAE 50 −5 C (23 F) 95 C (203 F) Jacket Water SAE 50 −5 C (23 F) 95 C (203 F) Contact your Caterpillar d
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14 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications i01123104 When an engine is started and operated in ambient temperatures below −30 C(−22 F), use a synthetic Aftermarket Oil Additives base stock multigrade oil with a 0W viscosity grade or with a 5W viscosity grade. Use an oil with a pour SMCS Code: 1300; 1348; 7581 point that is lower than −50 C(−58 F). Caterpillar does not recommend the use of The number of acceptable lubricants is limited in aftermarket additives in oil. It is not neces
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15 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications This product is recommended for heavily loaded pin Multipurpose Greases joints and for journal bearings. This product meets the certification of “GC-LB”. Normal operating Multipurpose Lithium Complex Grease temperatures for this product are −28 to 149 C (MPGL) (−18 to 300 F) for the NLGI No. 0. Normal operating temperatures for this product are −18 to 149 C Multipurpose Lithium Complex Grease (MPGL) (0 to 300 F) for the NLGI No. 2. is a gen
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16 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications i01065849 Caterpillar Premium Grease (CPG) S·O·S Oil Analysis Desert Gold (CPG) SMCS Code: 1000; 7542 Desert Gold is a heavy-duty, premium synthetic grease that is developed for the most extreme Caterpillar recommends the use of the S·O·S operating environments. This grease is formulated oil analysis program in order to monitor the with the following characteristics: high viscosity condition and the maintenance requirements of synthetic base fluid,
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17 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications i01096371 Fuel Specifications Fuel Information for Diesel i01060086 Engines General Fuel Information SMCS Code: 1250; 1280 SMCS Code: 1250; 1280 The two basic types of diesel fuel are No. 2 diesel fuel and No. 1 diesel fuel. No. 2 diesel fuel is a Purchase fuel from a reputable supplier. heavier diesel fuel than No. 1 diesel fuel. Heavier fuels can cause problems with fuel filters, fuel Use fuel that meets the minimum Caterpillar lines, fuel tanks,
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18 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications Fuel Heaters i01111474 Fuel Recommendations The fuel cloud point is related to problems with fuel filters. The heater heats the fuel above the SMCS Code: 1250; 1280 cloud point before the fuel enters the fuel filter. This prevents wax from blocking the filter. Fuel can flow Diesel engines have the ability to burn a wide through pumps and lines at temperatures below the variety of fuels. These fuels are divided into two cloud point. The cloud point is of
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19 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications (Table 7, contd) In the USA, 0.05 percent diesel fuels have been used in all on-highway truck engines since 1 Caterpillar Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel January 1994. This low sulfur diesel fuel was Requirements Specifications ASTM mandated as a means of directly reducing Test particulate emissions from diesel truck engines. This low sulfur fuel will also be used in Caterpillar 30 minimum “D287” API Gravity commercial diesel engines when low
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20 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications i01111650 The Hydro-treatment removes the fuel’s sulfur as well as other components. The treatment removes Characteristics of Diesel Fuel nitrogen compounds, polar materials, bicyclic aromatics, polycyclic aromatics, and oxygen SMCS Code: 1250; 1280 compounds. While the removal of sulfur has shown no detrimental effects to the engine, the removal of The primary characteristics that affect engine other compounds have lowered the lubricity of the operatio
