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™
Dynatel 2250E/2273E
Advanced Cable and
Fault Locator
Operators Manual
September 1999
78-8097-6500-7-B
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ............................................................................... 2 Installing or Replacing the Batteries ........................................ 2 Initial Receiver Configuration .................................................. 3 Receiver Battery Test ................................................................ 3 Transmitter Battery Test ........................................................... 4 Using External DC Power and 5 Watt Output ....
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INTRODUCTION ™ The 3M Dynatel 2250E/2273E Advanced Cable and Fault Locator consists of a Transmitter and a Receiver for locating buried cables or Active Duct Probes (sondes). It also measures and pinpoints sheath faults in buried cables (2273E only) and conductor faults in aerial cables. The transmitter provides four frequencies to accommodate varying factors such as distance, cable type, or soil conditions. If desired, all four frequencies may be transmitted at once. The Transmitter also provid
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INITIAL RECEIVER CONFIGURATION Display depth units (inches, feet and inches, or centimeters) may be changed while holding and pressing . For each press, one of three units will display. To change the passive Power frequency, press and hold then press to toggle between 50 or 60 Hz as displayed in the lower left corner of the display. To change the Null bar graph display mode, press and hold then press to toggle between normal Null bar graph display (Null flag will flash) and inverse Null bar
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TRANSMITTER BATTERY TEST To test the Batteries, press and hold . Listen to the tone and watch the display. • solid tone and 'OK' indicates batteries good; • beeping tone and 'LO' indicates batteries low; • no tone and '- -' indicates replace batteries. Note: The battery test indicates battery condition for normal output levels. if the unit resets when the high output level is selected, use the normal output level or replace the batteries. USING EXTERNAL DC POWER AND 5 WATT OUTPUT The Transm
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LOCATING A BURIED CABLE Transmitter Setup Note: Key descriptions can be found inside the Transmitter lid. Perform a battery test and then connect the Transmitter using one of the three methods below to put tracing signal on a cable. Danger! Voltage higher than 240 volts will damage equipment and cause personal injury and death. Make all direct test connections before turning on the Transmitter. Then activate the Transmitter in the Ohms mode and check the display for voltage readings. Follow
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DIRECT CONNECT METHOD Make sure the Transmitter is off. Plug the Direct Connect Cable into the front panel jack. Connect the Black clip to the ground rod. Place the ground rod in the earth perpendicular to the suspected cable path. If necessary, extend the black lead with the Ground Extension Cable. Next, remove the ground bonding and attach the Red clip to the shield. Note: Never attach or remove the direct connect cable from the Transmitter front panel jack while the red and black clips
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Press to select Trace mode. Press again to select one or all of the four frequencies. The display will alternate between displaying the selected frequency and the output signal current. It is best to choose the lowest frequency for direct connect with far-end ground and a high frequency for direct connect with no far-end ground. Press to select high output level for longer tracing distances and deep cables. Transmitter setup is finished, now go to LOCATING A BURIED CABLE - RECEIVER SETUP (P
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DYNA-COUPLER METHOD Cable Path Connect the Dyna-Coupler to the Transmitter front panel jack using the coupler cable. Clamp the Dyna-Coupler around the cable below any bonds just before cable enters the earth. The jaws of the coupler must fully close. Press to turn Transmitter on. Press again to select 8 kHz, 33 kHz or 133 kHz. Select high output level by pressing . Transmitter setup is finished, now go to LOCATING A BURIED CABLE - RECEIVER SETUP (PAGE 10). Page 8
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INDUCTION METHOD Place the transmitter on the ground over the target cable with the lid hinge in line with the cable path. Press to turn the Transmitter on. Press again to select either 33 kHz or 133 kHz. For greater tracing range, select high output level by pressing . Note: If the Receiver is less than 15 meters from the Transmitter, it can pick up signal through the air. For best results, keep the Receiver away from the Transmitter by at least that distance. Transmitter setup is finished
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LOCATING A BURIED CABLE Receiver Setup Note: Key descriptions can be found on the side of the Receiver. Press to turn the Receiver on. Press to select the 50/60 Hz power frequency (see Selecting Passive Power Frequencies, page 12) or LF for passive locating; otherwise, select the same frequency as the Transmitter. Note: The Receiver is automatically set to Special Peak mode when LF is selected. No other modes are allowed in LF frequency. Press to adjust the speaker volume as needed: off, no
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About Trace Modes Peak: In this mode, as the antenna crosses the cable, the Receiver speaker volume increases to a maximum and the bar graph fills from both sides toward the middle. As the antenna moves off the cable path, the speaker volume decreases and the bar graph opens. to select Peak with High-Expanded: While in Peak mode, press High-Expanded (the highest setting). Speaker response is cut off as the antenna moves away from the cable. Null: In this mode, the signal is a minimum directly
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Selecting Passive Power Frequencies See section Initial Receiver Configuration (page 3) to set the power frequency to 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The Receiver can be tuned to locate 3 different harmonics of the chosen power frequency. H50 Hz or H60 Hz (high harmonic): Best for general locating of passive power. L50 Hz or L60 Hz (low harmonic): Works best on primary power cables. May be used when high harmonic is weak or erratic. 100 Hz or 120 Hz : For locating rectified AC power signals, often found on
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DETERMINING CABLE DEPTH AND CURRENT Place the Receiver Antenna on the ground directly above the cable with the handle parallel to the path. Press and the display will indicate the cable depth and relative current . Current is displayed in the lower left corner of the display. Press twice to continue tracing. You may also press to return to Trace mode. Note: During a depth-current measurement, the display will exhibit ' – – – ' when the received signal is too low, too high, or erratic. Usi
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In general, when the Transmitter is set up to apply more current on the target cable than any other cable, the cable can easily be identified because the Receiver current reading will be highest. Note: Since some of the signal in the cable will bleed into the earth, it is expected that the Receiver current indication along the cable will decrease gradually away from the Transmitter. This effect is more pronounced at higher frequencies. LOCATING SHEATH FAULTS (2273E ONLY) Transmitter Setup Rem
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The Receiver bar graph is visible on the right side (green). This indicates that the fault is ahead of the operator in the direction of the green-banded leg. Continue along the cable path, reinserting the frame probes every few steps while watching the Receiver bar graph. When the bar graph is visible on the left side (red), the fault has been passed and is now behind the operator. Move back, inserting the frame every few inches, until the bar graph returns to the green side. Turn the frame nine
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LOCATING AN ACTIVE DUCT PROBE (ADP) Press to turn the Receiver on. Press to select the 33 kHz frequency. Press to select the Peak mode . If you find that the received signal is too weak in this mode, try the Special Peak mode. To select Special Peak mode: from Peak mode, press and hold , then press to toggle between Peak and Special Peak modes. While in Special Peak mode, the Peak flag will flash. With the Receiver handle perpendicular to the conduit path, locate the ADP position by mo
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LOCATING EMS MARKERS EMS markers may be detected and located using either the Dynatel™ 2205 or 2206 EMS Marker Locating Accessory. To attach the accessory, slide the Receiver horizontally into EMS Marker Locating Accessory mounting slot. Make sure the locking button holds the Receiver securely in the slot. To separate the units, press the locking button down and slide the Receiver out of the EMS Marker Locating Accessory mounting slot. Locating Markers while Tracing Cable Path To detect markers
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TONING AERIAL FAULTS Transmitter Setup Perform a battery test; then with the Transmitter off, plug the direct connect cable into the front panel jack. If fault is a shorted pair, connect Red clip to tip and the Black clip to ring. If the fault is a cross (two pair involved), connect the Red clip to crossed conductor of one pair and the Black clip to the crossed of the other pair. If the fault is a ground, connect the Red clip to the faulted conductor and the Black clip to ground. Press to turn
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CABLE OR PAIR IDENTIFICATION Transmitter Setup Transmitter setup is the same to identify cables or pairs; however, Receiver setups are different. Perform a battery test; then with the transmitter off, connect the Dyna-Coupler to the Transmitter front panel jack using the coupler cable. Note: Cable Identification requires two Dyna-Couplers: one at the Transmitter and one at the Receiver. Clamp the Dyna-Coupler around the cable or both and tip and ring of a pair and make sure the jaws fully clo
