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Applications
Guide
Engineered Smoke
Control System
™
for TRACER SUMMIT
BAS-APG001-EN
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Applications Guide Engineered Smoke Control System ™ for TRACER SUMMIT BAS-APG001-EN September 2006
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™ Applications Guide, Engineered Smoke Control System for Tracer Summit This guide and the information in it are the property of American Standard and may not be used or reproduced in whole or in part, without the written permission of American Standard. Trane, a business of American Standard, Inc., has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to change design and specification without notice. Use of the software contained in this package is provided u
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NOTICE: Warnings and Cautions appear at appropriate sections throughout this manual. Read these carefully: WARNING Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. CAUTION Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. It may also be used to alert against unsafe practices. CAUTION Indicates a situation that may result in equipment damage or property damage. The following fo
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Contents Contents Chapter 1 Smoke control overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Methods of smoke control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Compartmentation method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Dilution method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Pressurization method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Airflow method
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Contents Smoke control system equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Equipment supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 System testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Automatic weekly self-testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Manual periodic testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Alarm re
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Contents Circuit requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Wiring high-voltage power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 EMI/RFI considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Checking the earth ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Wiring inputs and outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Inp
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Contents Binary outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Analog outputs (UUKL nondedicated only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Analog output and universal input setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Interpreting EX2 LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Binary output LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Status LED .
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Contents Node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Binding types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Basic binding shapes and the hub/target system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Designing bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Appendix A References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 BAS-APG001-EN v
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Contents vi BAS-APG001-EN
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Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Smoke is one of the major problems created by a fire. Smoke threatens life and property, both in the immediate location of the fire and in locations remote from the fire. The objectives of smoke control include: • Maintain reduced-risk escape route environments • Diminish smoke migration to other building spaces • Reduce property loss • Provide conditions that assist the fire service • Aid in post-fire smoke removal Smoke consists of airborne solid and liquid
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Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Methods of smoke control Smoke control system designers use five methods to manage smoke. They use the methods individually or in combination. The specific methods used determine the standards of design analysis, performance criteria, acceptance tests, and routine tests. The methods of smoke control consist of: compartmentation, dilution, pressurization, air flow, and buoyancy. Compartmentation method The compartmentation method provides passive smoke protect
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Methods of smoke control Figure 1: Sample pressure difference across a barrier Table 1 provides the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) recommended minimum pressure difference between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side. Table 1: Recommended minimum pressure difference Minimum pressure Ceiling height difference Building type (ft [m]) (In.w.c. [Pa]) Sprinklered Any 0.05 (12.4) Non-sprinklered 9 (2.7) 0.10 (24.9) Non-sprinklered 15 (4.6) 0.14 (34.8) Non-sprinklered 21 (6.4)
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Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Table 2: Maximum allowable pressure differences across doors Door width (in. [m]) 32 (0.813) 36 (0.914) 40 (1.02) 44 (1.12) 46 (1.17) Door closer force Pressure difference (lb. [N]) (In.w.c. [Pa]) 6 (26.7) 0.45 (112.0) 0.40 (99.5) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.6) 0.31 (77.1) 8 (35.6) 0.41 (102.0) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.5) 0.31 (77.1) 0.28 (69.7) 10 (44.5) 0.37 (92.1) 0.34 (84.5) 0.30 (74.6) 0.28 (69.7) 0.26 (64.7) 12 (53.4) 0.34 (84.5) 0.30 (74.6) 0.27 (67.2) 0.25 (62.2
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Applications of smoke control methods A disadvantage of the airflow method is that it supplies increased oxygen to a fire. Within buildings, the airflow method must be used with great caution. The airflow required to control a wastebasket fire has sufficient oxygen to support a fire 70 times larger than the wastebasket fire. The airflow method is best applied after fire suppression or in buildings with restricted fuel. For more information on airflow, oxygen, and combustion, refer to Hugge
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Chapter 1 Smoke control overview Zoned smoke control cannot limit the spread of smoke within the smoke control zone. Consequently, occupants of the smoke control zone must evacuate as soon as possible after fire detection. Figure 3: Sample arrangements of smoke control zones + : Represents high-pressure zone – : Represents low-pressure zone When an HVAC system serves multiple floors (Figure 4 on page 7) and each floor is a separate zone, the following sequence provides smoke control: 1. In
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Applications of smoke control methods Figure 4: Sample HVAC operation during smoke control Note: For simplicity, Figure 4 does not show the ducts on each floor or the penthouse equipment. When an HVAC system serves only one smoke control zone, the following sequence provides smoke control: 1. In the smoke control zone, the return/exhaust fan activates, the supply fan deactivates. 2. The return air damper closes, and the exhaust damper opens (optionally, the outside air damper closes). 3. In
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Chapter 1 Smoke control overview If the technique employs modulated supply airflow, a fan provides at least minimum pressure when all stairwell access doors are open. Either a single-speed fan with modulating bypass dampers or a variable frequency drive varies the flow of air into the stairwell to compensate for pressure changes. If the technique employs over-pressure relief, a damper or fan relieves air to the outside to maintain constant pressure in the stairwell. The amount of air relie
