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Technical Reference Guide
HP Compaq dx7300 and dc7700 Series
Business Desktop Computers
Document Part Number: 433473-001
September 2006
This document provides information on the design, architecture, function,
and capabilities of the HP Compaq dx7300 and dc7700 Series Business
Desktop Computers. This information may be used by engineers,
technicians, administrators, or anyone needing detailed information on
the products covered.
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© Copyright 2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Intel, Pentium, Intel Inside, and Celeron are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Adobe, Acrobat, and Acrobat Reader are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated. The only warranties for HP products
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Contents 1Introduction 1.1 About this Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.1.1 Online Viewing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.1.2 Hardcopy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1.2 Additional Information Sources . . . . . . .
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Contents 3 Processor/Memory Subsystem 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–1 3.2 Pentium 4 Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–2 3.2.1 Processor Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–2 3.2.2 Processor Upgrading . .
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Contents 5.5.4 Parallel Interface Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–12 5.5.5 Parallel Interface Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–14 5.6 Keyboard/Pointing Device Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–15 5.6.1 Keyboard Interface Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Contents 8BIOS ROM 8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–1 8.2 ROM Flashing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–2 8.2.1 Upgrading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8–2 8.2.2 Changeable Splash Screen . . . . .
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1 Introduction 1.1 About this Guide This guide provides technical information about HP Compaq dx7300 and dc7700 series personal computers that feature Intel Pentium processors and the Intel Q965 chipset. This document describes in detail the system's design and operation for programmers, engineers, technicians, and system administrators, as well as end-users wanting detailed information. The chapters of this guide primarily describe the hardware and firmware elements and primarily deal with
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Introduction 1-2 www.hp.com Technical Reference Guide
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Introduction 1.4 Serial Number The unit's serial number is located on a sticker placed on the exterior cabinet. The serial number is also written into firmware and may be read with HP Diagnostics or Insight Manager utilities. 1.5 Notational Conventions The notational guidelines used in this guide are described in the following subsections. 1.5.1 Values Hexadecimal values are indicated by a numerical or alpha-numerical value followed by the letter “h.” Binary values are indicated by a value o
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Introduction 1.6 Common Acronyms and Abbreviations Table 1-1 lists the acronyms and abbreviations used in this guide. Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description Aampere AC alternating current ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface A/D analog-to-digital ADC Analog-to-digital converter ADD or ADD2 Advanced digital display (card) AGP Accelerated graphics port API application programming interface APIC Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller APM advanced pow
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Introduction Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description Ch Channel, chapter cm centimeter CMC cache/memory controller CMOS complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (configuration memory) Cntlr controller Cntrl control codec 1. coder/decoder 2. compressor/decompressor CPQ Compaq CPU central processing unit CRIMM Continuity (blank) RIMM CRT cathode ray tube CSM 1. Compaq system management 2. Compaq server management DAC digital-to-analog converter DC direct current DCH
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Introduction Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description ESCD Extended System Configuration Data (format) EV Environmental Variable (data) ExCA Exchangeable Card Architecture FIFO first in/first out FL flag (register) FM frequency modulation FPM fast page mode (RAM type) FPU Floating point unit (numeric or math coprocessor) FPS Frames per second ft Foot/feet GB gigabyte GMCH Graphics/memory controller hub GND ground GPIO general purpose I/O GPOC general purpose open
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Introduction Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description Kb/KB kilobits/kilobytes (x 1024 bits/x 1024 bytes) Kb/s kilobits per second kg kilogram KHz kilohertz kV kilovolt lb pound LAN local area network LCD liquid crystal display LED light-emitting diode LPC Low pin count LSI large scale integration LSb/LSB least significant bit/least significant byte LUN logical unit (SCSI) m Meter MCH Memory controller hub MMX multimedia extensions MPEG Motion Picture Experts Gro
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Introduction Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description PC Personal computer PCA Printed circuit assembly PCI peripheral component interconnect PCI-E PCI Express PCM pulse code modulation PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PEG PCI express graphics PFC Power factor correction PIN personal identification number PIO Programmed I/O PN Part number POST power-on self test PROM programmable read-only memory PTR pointer RAID Redundant array of in
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Introduction Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description SGRAM Synchronous Graphics RAM SIMD Single instruction multiple data SIMM single in-line memory module SMART Self Monitor Analysis Report Technology SMI system management interrupt SMM system management mode SMRAM system management RAM SPD serial presence detect SPDIF Sony/Philips Digital Interface (IEC-958 specification) SPN Spare part number SPP standard parallel port SRAM static RAM SSE Streaming SIMD extens
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Introduction Table 1-1 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronym or Abbreviation Description VAC Volts alternating current VDC Volts direct current VESA Video Electronic Standards Association VGA video graphics adapter VLSI very large scale integration VRAM Video RAM Wwatt WOL Wake-On-LAN WRAM Windows RAM ZF zero flag ZIF zero insertion force (socket) 1-10 www.hp.com Technical Reference Guide
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2 System Overview 2.1 Introduction The HP Compaq dx7300 and dc7700 Series Business Desktop Computers (Figure 2-1) deliver an outstanding combination of manageability, serviceability, and compatibility for enterprise environments. Based on the Intel Pentium 4 processor with the Intel Q965 Express chipset, these systems emphasize performance along with industry compatibility. These models feature a similar architecture incorporating both PCI 2.3 and PCIe buses. All models are easily upgradeab
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System Overview 2.2 Features The following standard features are included on all series unless otherwise indicated: ■ Intel Pentium processor in LGA775 (Socket T) package ■ Integrated graphics controller ■ PC2-6400 and PC2-5300 DIMM support on all models ■ Serial ATA (SATA) interfaces supporting transfer rates up to 3.0 Gbps and RAID operation for dual drive arrays ■ PCI 2.3 and PCI Express interfaces ■ Hard drive fault prediction ■ Eight USB 2.0-compliant ports ■ High definition (HD) audio p
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System Overview Table 2-1 shows the differences in features between the different PC series based on form factor: Table 2-1 Difference Matrix by Form Factor USDT SFF ST MT CMT Series dc7700 dc7700 dx7300 dx7300 dc7700 System Board Type custom custom custom µATX µATX Serial and parallel ports Optional [1] Standard Standard Standard Standard Memory: # of sockets 3 4 4 4 4 Maximum memory 3 GB 4 GB 4 GB 4 GB 4 GB Memory type DDR2 DDR2 DDR2 DDR2 DDR2 Drive bays: Externally accessible 1 2 2 4 4 Intern
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System Overview 2.3 Mechanical Design This guide covers five form factors: ■ Ultra-slim Desktop (USDT)—Very slim design that can be used in a tradition desktop (horizontal) orientation or as a small tower mounted in the supplied tower stand. ■ Small Form Factor (SFF)—A small footprint design that can be used in a desktop configuration (default) or as a small tower mounted in a tower stand. ■ Slim Tower (ST)—Slim design that can be used in a tradition desktop (horizontal) orientation or as a s
