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GPS 18x
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS
Garmin International, Inc.
st
1200 E. 151 Street
Olathe, KS 66062 USA
190-00879-08, Revision B
January 2008
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© 2008 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries Garmin International, Inc. st 1200 East 151 Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel. 913/397.8200 or 800/800.1020 Fax 913/397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Hounsdown Business Park, Southampton, Hampshire, SO40 9RB, U.K. Tel. +44 (0) 870.8501241 (outside the UK) 0808 2380000 (within the UK) Fax +44 (0) 870.8501251 Garmin Corporation nd No. 68, Jangshu 2 Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan Tel. 886/2.2642.9199 Fax 886/2.2642.9099 Al
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................1 1.1 Cautions...........................................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Limited Warranty ............................................................................................................................................2 1.3
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4.2.8 Track Made Good and Ground Speed (VTG) ................................................................................................. 18 4.2.9 Geographic Position (GLL)............................................................................................................................. 18 4.2.10 Estimated Error Information (PGRME) .......................................................................................................... 18 4.2.11 GPS Fix Data Sentence (PGRMF) .
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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 CAUTIONS CAUTION The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. Although the GPS 18x is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted, and therefore become unsafe. Use these products at your own risk. To reduce the risk, carefully review and understand all aspects of these Technical Specifications before using the GPS 18x. When in actual use, c
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1.2 LIMITED WARRANTY This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost. This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse, misuse, accident or
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1.3 OVERVIEW The GPS 18x series products include an embedded receiver and an antenna. Based on the proven technology found in other Garmin GPS receivers, the GPS 18x tracks multiple satellites at a time while providing fast time-to-first-fix, precise navigation updates (five times per second for the GPS 18x-5Hz, and once per second for the GPS 18x USB, 18x PC, and 18x LVC), and low power consumption. This generation of GPS sensors includes the capability of FAA Wide Area Augmentation System
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1.5 GPS 18x SERIES There are several different versions of GPS 18x available. Refer below for a list of the three major divisions of the GPS 18x Series. 1.5.1 GPS 18x USB The GPS 18x USB interfaces to a computer with an available USB port. Drivers are available for use on Windows computers. Macintosh and Linux drivers are not available from Garmin. After the drivers are loaded, the device appears to the Windows operating system as a USB-connected device and appears in Device Manager as
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1.6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Specifications are subject to change without notice. 1.6.1 Physical Characteristics 1.6.1.1 Size 61 mm (2.4 inches) in diameter and 19.5 mm (0.77 inches) in height 1.6.1.2 Weight • GPS 18x USB: 3.7 oz (105 g) • GPS 18x PC: 6.3 oz (180 g) • GPS 18x LVC-5m (5 meter cable): 5.6 oz (160 g) • GPS 18x-5Hz (5 meter cable): 5.8 oz (165 g) 1.6.1.3 Color Black 1.6.1.4 Case Material Polycarbonate thermoplastic that is waterproof to IEC 60529 IPX7 level (im
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1.6.2.5 Environmental Characteristics • Operating Temperature: -30°C to +80°C (-22°F to +176°F) • Storage Temperature: -40°C to +90°C (-40°F to +194°F) 1.6.3 GPS Performance 1.6.3.1 Receiver ® WAAS Enabled GPS receiver continuously tracks and uses multiple satellites to compute and update your position. 1.6.3.2 Acquisition Times • Reacquisition: Less than 2 seconds • Hot: Approx. 1 second (all data known) • Warm: Approx. 38 seconds (initial position, time, and almanac known; ephemeri
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1.6.4.3 GPS 18x PC, GPS 18x LVC, & GPS 18x-5Hz Protocols • NMEA 0183 Version 2.0 or NMEA 0183 Version 2.30 (Version 2.0 is factory default, programmable by data field 7 of the PGRMC1 sentence described in section 4.1.4 Additional Sensor Configuration Information (PGRMC1). • Available NMEA 0183 output sentences include GPALM, GPGGA, GPGSA, GPGSV, GPRMC, GPVTG, GPGLL, PGRME, PGRMF, PGRMM, PGRMT, PGRMV, and PGRMB (Garmin proprietary sentences). See section 4.2 Transmitted NMEA 0183 Sentences
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2 GPSX 18x LVC & GPS 18x -5Hz WIRING AND PINOUTS The GPS 18x LVC/18x-5Hz interfaces to a serial port. The unit accepts TIA-232-F (RS-232) level inputs and transmits voltage levels from ground to the input voltage, TIA-232-F (RS-232) polarity. The GPS 18x LVC/18x-5Hz wires are terminated with a six-wire connector that is used by Garmin for testing purposes. You can remove this connector without voiding your warranty (see section 1.2 Limited Warranty). 2.1 GPS 18x LVC & GPS 18x -5Hz PINOUT
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Figure 2. PDA Serial Port Interconnection Figure 3. Basic NMEA Device Interconnection 190-00879-08 GPS 18x Technical Specifications Rev. B Page 9
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3 MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS & MOUNTING The central threaded recess accepts a metric M3 threaded bolt. The recess is approximately 4 mm deep (4.32 +/- 0.08 mm). The following drawings show example geometries for mounting hardware in case you wish to design your own custom mount. Figure 5 shows mounting geometry for a mount formed from steel sheet metal that is 1.15 mm thick. Figure 7 shows similar mounting geometry for mount formed from aluminum sheet metal that is 1.25 mm thick. Use cauti
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UNITS: MILLIMETERS Figure 5. GPS 18x Suction Cup Mount Center Hole Dimensions UNITS: MILLIMETERS Figure 6. GPS 18x Flush Mount Dimensions Figure 7. GPS 18x Flush Mount Center Hole Dimensions 190-00879-08 GPS 18x Technical Specifications Rev. B Page 11
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4 GPS 18x PC, GPS 18x LVC, & GPS 18x-5Hz SOFTWARE INTERFACE The interface protocol design of the GPS 18x PC, LVC, and GPS 18x-5Hz products is based on the National Marine Electronics Association’s NMEA 0183 ASCII interface specification. This standard is fully defined in NMEA 0183, Version 2.30. Copies may be obtained from NMEA, www.nmea.org. In addition to the standard NMEA 0183 sentences, the GPS 18x PC, LVC, and GPS 18x-5Hz may also be configured to transmit information over their seria
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4.1.2 Sensor Initialization Information (PGRMI) The $PGRMI sentence provides information used to initialize the GPS sensor’s set position and time used for satellite acquisition. Receipt of this sentence by the GPS sensor causes the software to restart the satellite acquisition process. If there are no errors in the sentence, it will be echoed upon receipt. If an error is detected, the echoed PGRMI sentence will contain the current default values. Current PGRMI defaults (with the exception o
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4.1.4 Additional Sensor Configuration Information (PGRMC1) The $PGRMC1 sentence provides additional information used to configure the GPS sensor operation. Configuration parameters are stored in non-volatile memory and retained between power cycles. The GPS sensor will echo this sentence upon its receipt if no errors are detected. If an error is detected, the echoed PGRMC1 sentence will contain the current default values. Current default values can also be obtained by sending $PGRMC1E to the
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4.2 TRANSMITTED NMEA 0183 SENTENCES The subsequent paragraphs define the sentences that can be transmitted by the GPS 18x PC and LVC. 4.2.1 Sentence Transmission Rate Sentences are transmitted with respect to the user selected baud rate. The GPS sensor will transmit each sentence (except where noted in particular transmitted sentence descriptions) at a periodic rate based on the user selected baud rate and user selected output sentences. The GPS sensor will transmit the selected sentences
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4.2.2 Transmitted Time The GPS sensor outputs Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) date and time of day in the transmitted sentences. Before the initial position fix, the on-board clock provides the date and time of day. After the initial position fix, the date and time of day are calculated using GPS satellite information and are synchronized with the measurement pulse output. The GPS 18x-5Hz outputs a UTC with a tenths-of-a-second precision: 123456.8, for example. The GPS sensor uses informa
